Signs of cystitis in women: symptoms and home treatment

Cystitis- This is a pathology, characterized by the development of an inflammatory process that affects the wall of the bladder following the effects of bacterial microorganisms.

Statistical cystitis- One of the most common urological pathologies. Women are predisposed much more to the occurrence of this inflammation, due to their morphophysiological characteristics.

Bacteric agents enter the bladder cavity are possible in three ways:

1. The ascending path- through the urethra (urethra). The main role in this version of the penetration of microorganisms belongs to the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the women's urinary tract: a short and wide urethra, strictly disbursed with the anus and the vagina.
2. Path down- from the kidneys. This option develops as the course of renal inflammation, for example chronic pyelonephritis.
3. Hematogenic path- The rarest option is established when cystitis occurs immediately after infectious diseases or when another source of purulent infection is detected in the female body. There is also a probability of bacterial microflora in the bladder due to the presence of anatomical anastomosis (connections) between the lymphatic vessels of the genital organs and the bladder, subject to inflammatory changes of the above.

The most common causal agent of the inflammatory bladder process is the E. coli (in 4 out of 5 cases, which is associated with the aforementioned anatomical and morphological characteristics and the presence of this microflora in the intestine).

Less commonly, cystitis is associated with staphylococcal, streptococcal and enterococcal microorganisms. The negative sticks of the gram cause inflammation of the bladder due to instrumental and surgical interventions.

Recently, the incidence of cystitis associated with fungal microorganisms, the simplest and viruses has increased.

Only the introduction of infectious microorganisms is not sufficient for the development of a complete inflammatory response in the bladder, because the body contains mechanisms of resistance to the action of the pathogenic flora.

Cystitis development factors

Therefore, in addition to the etiological factor, factors such as ::

• Hemodynamic function disorder(blood circulation) of the pelvic organs and, in particular, of the bladder;
• Disorder of the excretory function of the bladder(stagnation of urine);

• Inhibition of various body immune links(lack of vitamins, exposure to low temperatures, stress, increase in fatigue, etc. );
• Biochemical agents enthusiastsand exchange products that are released in the urine to the structure of the Word Wall;
• exposure to radiological rays;
• non -compliance with hygieneExternal genitals and random sexual intercourse;
• pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, in the presence of which the microflora accumulates and increases its activity, which subsequently enters the urinary tract;
• Regular changes of hormonal metabolismWhich leads to the lack of tone of the urethra and creates the best conditions for the infection.

The first symptomatic manifestations of cystitis in women

The acute cystitis clinic in a woman is characterized by a sudden start and a complex of the pronounced symptomsWith:

• The appearance of frequent urination (pollakiuria)which is characterized by a frequency at least once every 60 minutes and small volumes of urine released; With the development of frequent imperative impulses, patients are unable to control and maintain urine;
• Dysuria (violation of urination)Accompanied by pain in the hypogastric region (in the lower abdomen). With the development of the degree of inflammatory process in the wall of the bladder, these symptoms progress: the more it is developed, the more often the impulse of urinating and more pain;
• Itching in the urinary tractderiving during the act of urination. It develops due to the exposure to the mucous membrane of the urinary tract products of the metabolism of microorganisms that have caused inflammation of the bladder;
• The appearance of the blood fallsAt the end of the law of urination;
• The appearance of the urine arch, due to the entry of a large number of blood cells (leukocytes and red blood cells), bacterial microflora, cells of the surface epithelium of the internal wall of the bladder;
• These patients are not characterized by a change in the general condition.Patient temperature indicators are characterized by normal or slightly increased numbers (low level). Scientists associate it with the fact that the mucous membrane of the bladder practically does not sucker the metabolic products of microorganisms which, having entered the blood, usually lead to the intoxication of the body and the development of characteristic symptoms of inflammation.

The connection of the sudden symptoms and the previous hypothermia of the woman's body that appeared. The phenomena of acute inflammation can sometimes be observed for 2-3 days and disappear independently without the use of therapy.

However, very often this process takes more than 6 days, sometimes up to 15 days. The presence of a disease on a subsequent date, without prejudice to the appointment of therapy, requires the appointment of further examination methods in order to identify the concomitant diseases of the body.

Characterization of pain with cystitis in women

In patients with acute cystitis, a different degree of severity of pain syndrome is observed:

• During the light course of the inflammatory process, patients have an insignificant gravity or pain in the lower abdomen.Sensitive pains at the end of the urination law accompany the moderate pollakiuria. With the further development of the inflammatory process, the intensity of pain increases. Subsequently, this syndrome accompanies the beginning or the entire act of urination. The pain is not correlated with the act and acquires almost constant in nature, it is accompanied by a very painful palpation on the projection of the bladder.
• In a situation where heavy cystitis developed, patients should urinate at least 2-3 times per hour, which is accompanied by a significant pain syndrome and the appearance of the blood from the urethra to the end of the law. The pain significantly worsens the quality of life of the patient, because they do not disappear in every day.

The presence of blood cells and blood in the urine with cystitis (Moturia syndrome)

When an inflammatory process develops in the walls of the bladder, it affects the areas of the tissue near the confluence of the ureters and the exit of the urethra. The fabric becomes loose and bleeding.

This manifests itself from the appearance of the micro and macroemituria (or blood) in the urine, which is often observed at the end of the law of urination (terminal hematuria).

One of the most serious forms of acute cystitis is hemorrhagic. This type of inflammation occurs with a significant penetration of red blood cells (red blood cells) from the blood flow of the nutrient arteries in the void cavity.

This option is possible in the event of an increase in the permeability of the walls of the blood vessels (condition for anemia, deficiency of vitamin, disorders in the functioning of the blood system) or damage to the walls above with bacterial cells (usually streptococcal flora). The red blood cells that fell into the urine of the bubble cavity in the blood stone.

When the hematuria occurs, the doctor is obliged to carefully lead the differential diagnostics between acute cystitis and complicated acute form - hemorrhagic cystitis. For this, further examination methods are prescribed, the type of injury is clarified and the most correct therapy scheme is selected.

Characteristics of the acute and chronic cystitis course in women

Sharp cystitis

In summary of the above information, you can distinguish the strong onset of the disease and the presence of a certain complex symptom for acute cystitis:

• frequent urination in small portions,
• Pain syndrome of various nature,
• itching that is associated with the power act,
• The appearance of the blood falls at the end of the act,
• The unchanged general conditions of the woman.

With a true and timely diagnosis, the pathological condition is treated within 6-10 days. In the absence of improvements after the 15th day of the course of the disease, it is worth thinking about the crunning of inflammatory changes.

In addition to hemorrhage, there are two other forms of complicated cognite of acute cystitis:

• Gangrenous.The cancerous form is rarely located and occurs due to the intake of blood or the erection of the bladder. Clinically, such a cystitis manifests itself for urination of difficulties, accompanied by pain, high body temperature, pain in the sacral region. The process is extremely dangerous for the development of formidable complications, such as peritonitis and requires the rapid grip of measures for treatment.
• Phlemoste.The phlegimonous form is manifested by a significant poisoning of the body, high body temperature and is accompanied by the release of a small amount of urine (oliguria). The urine, with such a complicated current, acquires a putrefactive smell, muddy character, flakes of fibrin formations, blend of blood.

The duration of the course of the pathology in the case of the development of complicated forms increases significantly.

There is another form of cystitis - interstitial.It is characterized by the inflammation of all urine bubble membranes. The clinic is dominated by a brusciously rapid urination, reaching up to 180 times a day, active complaints of severe pain in the hypogastric region when filling the bladder and its regression after the law on urination. The bubble capacity is significantly reduced, due to which the above symptoms occur.

Chronic cystitis

Chronic cystitis, in contrast with acute, rarely occurs as primary pathology and in most cases it is a secondary complication of the course of the existing pathologies of the bladder, kidneys, urethra.

Given this fact, it is necessary to carefully examine the body for the presence of the above pathological changes, as well as exclude or confirm the specific origin of the microorganisms: tuberculosis stick, invasion of Trichomonas.

Clinically, chronic cystitis occurs from a continuous course with moderate differences in the complaints and clinical analysis of the urine, or in the form of a recurring pathology with periods of exacerbation (similar to the acute cystitis clinic) and complete regression (with the absence of any manifestation of the pathological process).

Therefore, the objective manifestations of chronic cystitis correspond to such in the acute process. They are related to the common protective properties of the body, the etiology of a bacterial agent who caused an infectious process and the degree of severity of inflammation. Pain, frequent urination, itching, presence of blood and the antiquity of the urine are less pronounced with a constant route and correspond to the acute process with the recurring course of chronic cystitis.

Due to the injury of the inflammatory reaction of the mucosa, the edema of all the strata of the urinated wall and the increase in the pressure pressure have created all the conditions for the formation of vesicular-metal reflux, i. e. fusion fluid by the bladder again in the ureter (connects the kidneys and the bubble).

The doctor-urologist is engaged in verifying the diagnosis and in the purpose of cystitis therapy.

In order to correctly diagnose the inflammatory pathology, it is necessary to clearly correct the complaints of the patients and its history (which preceded the development of the pathology).

Clinical manifestations are quite specific and can immediately indicate the presence of this disease, however, it is necessary to carefully lead the differential diagnosis between all types of cystitis, as well as by other pathologies of the bladder and diseases of the abdominal organs.

From the anamnesis, the data on stress and influences of low temperatures, taken drugs, as well as other lesions located in the pelvic organs and in the parental parent system.

After clarifying the complaints and an anamnesis, the analysis of clinical urine (generals) will be able to help in verifying the diagnosis - increased levels of white and red blood cells will be detected (respectively leukocytes and red blood cells).

To identify the type of bacterial microorganism that caused the inflammatory process, the urine is sowing to special nutritional media, which can be used in the future to choose the most effective antibacterial drug.

Before the enclosure of the urine for the bacteriological examination, it is necessary to qualitatively treat the area of the external genitals with an antiseptic solution. Conducting cystoscopy in the presence of acute inflammatory reaction is contraindicated.

In order to diagnose chronic cystitis, together with the collection of complaints and data on the anamnesis, cystoscopy helps during remission. This will establish all the necessary characteristics of an inflammatory disease. With this manipulation, it is possible to take material for the biopsy, the mucosa-bold membrane of urine. In addition, to identify chronic cystitis, a X -ray study is recommended with contrast.